a) 要 -> 如 -> 吐 -> 増
要 YOU, i(ru) - essential(s) need
如 JO, NYO - equal, like, as, as if
吐 TOU, ha(ku) - spew, vomit, give vent to
増 ZOU, ma(su), fu(eru), fu(yasu) - increase, rise, raise
b) 化 -> 旨 -> 晴 -> 静
化 KA, KE, ba(keru) - transform
旨 SHI, mune - purport, content, instruction
晴 SEI, ha(reru) - clear up
静 SEI ,JOU, shizu(ka), shizu(meru) - quiet, peaceful, still, quieten