日+⼍+、 NICHI, JITSU, hi, ka - sun, day / The "Wakanmuri" radical - cover, crown / Comma
ム+ト Katakana "Mu" or The "Mu" radical - private / Katakana "To" or The "Boku" radical - oracle
少+ノ SHOU, suku(nai), suko(shi) - little, few / Katakana "No" or The "No" radical - diagonal sweeping stroke
甚+ノ JIN, hanaha(da), hanaha(dashii) - very much, extreme, enormous / Katakana "No" or The "No" radical - diagonal sweeping stroke
八+一+｜+｜+月+土 HACHI, ya(ttsu), ya(tsu), ya, yo - eight / ICHI, ITSU, hito(tsu) - one / The "Tatebou" radical - vertical stroke / GETSU, GATSU, tsuki - moon, month / DO, tsuchi - earth, soil
The chemical symbol for sodium is "Na". Add ナ (Katakana "Na") to each set of characters to give the following:
映 EI, utsu(ru), ha(eru) - reflect, project, shine
弁 BEN - speech, petal, valve
劣 RETSU, oto(ru) - be inferior
勘 KAN - perception, sense, intuition
塑 SO - modeling, moulding