a) 雷 -> 累 -> 細 -> 略
雷 RAI, kaminari - thunder
累 RUI - involvement, trouble, accumulation
細 SAI, hoso(i), hoso(ru), koma(kai) - thin, narrow, slender
略 RYAKU - abbreviation, omission
b) 劣 -> 加 -> 員 -> 賦
劣 RETSU, oto(ru) - be inferior
加 KA, kuwa(eru), kuwa(waru) - add, append, join, take part
員 IN - member
賦 FU - tribute, payment, installment