a) 菓 -> 棋 -> 期 -> 肪
菓 KA - cake, fruit
棋 KI - go, shogi, Japanese chess
期 KI, GO - time, period, term
肪 BOU - animal fat
b) 誓 -> 詳 -> 養 -> 館
誓 SEI, chika(u) - swear, pledge, vow
詳 SHOU, kuwa(shii) - detailed, full, familiar with
養 YOU, yashina(u) - rear, support, adopt
館 KAN - building, hall