Just use them. They are all adjectives!
短 TAN, mijika(i) - short
暖 DAN, atata(kai), atata(meru) - warm
煙 EN, kemuri, kemu(i) - smoke, smoulder, smoky
賢 KEN, kashiko(i) - wise, intelligent
恐 KYOU, oso(reru), oso(roshii) - fear, be afraid of, frightful