a) 普 -> 早 -> 古 -> 嘱
普 FU - general, universal
早 SOU, SA, haya(i) , haya(meru) - early, fast, hasten
古 KO, furu(i) - old
嘱 SHOKU - request, entrust, commission
b) 誓 -> 詳 -> 養 -> 餓
誓 SEI, chika(u) - swear, pledge, vow
詳 SHOU, kuwa(shii) - detailed, full, familiar with
養 YOU, yashina(u) - rear, support, adopt
餓 GA - starve