a) 架 -> 柱 -> 素 -> 結
架 KA, ka(keru), ka(karu) - hang, build (a bridge)
柱 CHUU, hashira - pillar, column, pole
素 SO, SU - element, naked, simple
結 KETSU, musu(bu), yu(u) - tie up, bind
b) 篤 -> 駐 -> 素 -> 紳
篤 TOKU - serious, cordial
駐 CHUU - stop, reside
素 SO, SU - element, naked, simple
紳 SHIN - gentleman