a) 弦 -> 畜 -> 累 -> 絡
弦 GEN, tsuru - string, bowstring
畜 CHIKU - animal raising, domestic animal
累 RUI - involvement, trouble, accumulation
絡 RAKU, kara(mu), kara(maru) - be entangled
b) 柔 -> 棋 -> 期 -> 胞
柔 JUU, NYUU, yawa(rakai) - soft
棋 KI - go, shogi, Japanese chess
期 KI, GO - time, period, term
胞 HOU - sac, sheath, placenta