Answer:
a) 勅 -> 加 -> 吟 -> 念
勅 CHOKU - imperial decree
加 KA, kuwa(eru), kuwa(waru) - add, append, join, take part
吟 GIN - sing, chant, recite
念 NEN - thought, concern
b) 案 -> 柱 -> 素 -> 繕
案 AN - plan, proposal
柱 CHUU, hashira - pillar, column, pole
素 SO, SU - element, naked, simple
繕 ZEN, tsukuro(u) - repair, mend