Answer:
又 mata - again, also, moreover
土+ル+土+、+し+⺣ DO, tsuchi - earth, soil / Katakana "Ru" or The "Hitoashi" radical - human legs / Comma / Hiragana "Shi"or The "Otsu" radical - the second / The "Rekka" radical - fire
一+口+、 ICHI, ITSU, hito(tsu) - one / KOU, kuchi - mouth / Comma
月+⺾+日+、 GETSU, GATSU, tsuki - moon, month / The "Kusakanmuri" radical - grass / NICHI, JITSU, hi, ka - sun, day
言+⺾+口 GEN, GON, i(u), koto - say, speech / The "Kusakanmuri" radical - grass / KOU, kuchi - mouth
The chemical symbol for sodium is "Na". Add ナ (Katakana "Na") to each set of characters to give the following:
友 YUU, tomo - friend
熱 NETSU, atsu(i) - heat, fever, hot (food)
更 KOU, sara, fu(kasu), fu(keru) - anew, again, grow late
膜 MAKU - membrane
諾 DAKU - consent, agree to