Answer:
矛+⺙+ノ MU, hoko - halberd, spear / The "Bokuzukuri" radical - activity, to strike, hit / Katakana "No" or The "No" radical - diagonal sweeping stroke
一+し+、 ICHI, ITSU, hito(tsu) - one / Hiragana "Shi"or The "Otsu" radical - the second / Comma
一+口+、 ICHI, ITSU, hito(tsu) - one / KOU, kuchi - mouth / Comma
木+⺾+日+、 MOKU, BOKU, ki - tree / The "Kusakanmuri" radical - grass / NICHI, JITSU, hi, ka - sun, day / Comma
女+口+、 JO, NYO, NYOU, onna, me - female, woman / KOU, kuchi - mouth / Comma
The chemical symbol for sodium is "Na". Add ナ (Katakana "Na") to each set of characters to give the following:
務 MU, tsuto(mu) - work, serve
丸 GAN, maru(i), maru(meru) - round, make round, ball
吏 RI - an official
模 MO, BO - copy, imitate, model
姻 IN - marriage