Answer:
a) 早 -> 古 -> 員 -> 賦
早 SOU, SA, haya(i) , haya(meru) - early, fast, hasten
古 KO, furu(i) - old
員 IN - member
賦 FU - tribute, payment, installment
b) 畑 -> 里 -> 城 -> 盛
畑 hatake - cultivated field
里 RI, sato - village
城 JOU, shiro - castle
盛 SEI, JOU, mo(ru), saka(n), saka(ru) - prosperous, energetic, serve food