Answer:
a) 勅 -> 加 -> 吐 -> 坊
勅 CHOKU - imperial decree
加 KA, kuwa(eru), kuwa(waru) - add, append, join, take part
吐 TOU, ha(ku) - spew, vomit, give vent to
坊 BOU, BO - priest's residence, priest, boy
b) 雷 -> 累 -> 紹 -> 超
雷 RAI, kaminari - thunder
累 RUI - involvement, trouble, accumulation
紹 SHOU - introduction
超 CHOU, ko(su), ko(eru) - cross, go over, exceed