Answer:
a) 婆 -> 妙 -> 省 -> 眺
婆 BA - old woman
妙 MYOU - strange, odd, adroit, mystery
省 SEI, SHOU, kaerimiru, habu(ku) - ministry, reflect, omit
眺 CHOU, naga(meru) - look at, watch, gaze
b) 菓 -> 杯 -> 否 -> 鳴
菓 KA - cake, fruit
杯 HAI, sakazuki - wine cup
否 HI, ina - no, negative
鳴 MEI, na(ku), na(ru)(rasu) - cry, sing, howl, ring