Answer:
ト+、+豆 Katakana "To" or The "Boku" radical - oracle / Comma / TOU, ZU, mame - bean, pea
木+ノ+、+口+⼌+口 MOKU, BOKU, ki - tree / Katakana "No" or The "No" radical - diagonal sweeping stroke / Comma / KOU, kuchi - mouth / The "Keigamae" radical - to enclose
京+、+し KYOU, KEI - capital / Comma / Hiragana "Shi"or The "Otsu" radical - the second
南+、+、 NAN, minami - south / Comma
キ+ノ+⼇+、+、+⼅+⼏+又 Katakana "Ki" or The "Tehen" radical - hand / Katakana "No" or The "No" radical - diagonal sweeping stroke / The "Nabefuta" radical - lid, top / Comma / The "Hanebou" radical - vertical stroke with a hook / The "Kinyou" radical - table / mata - again, also, moreover
The chemical symbol for sodium is "Na". Add ナ (Katakana "Na") to each set of characters to give the following:
短 TAN, mijika(i) - short
橋 KYOU, hashi - bridge
就 SHUU, JU, tsu(ku) - take a seat, engage, employ
献 KEN, KON - present, offer
搬 HAN - carry, transport