Answer:
下 KA, o(riru), kuda(ru), shita, moto, sa(geru), sa(garu) - down, below, lower
上 JOU, a(geru), ue, a(garu), nobo(ru) - up, above, rise
上 JOU, a(geru), ue, a(garu), nobo(ru) - up, above, rise
川 SEN, kawa - river
川 SEN, kawa - river
Add a single stroke to each of these to make another character.
不 FU, BU - negative
止 SHI, to(meru), to(maru) - stop
土 DO, tsuchi - earth, soil
爪 SOU, tsume, tsuma - nail
山 SAN, yama - mountain