Answer:
シ+日+夫 Katakana "Shi" / NICHI, JITSU, hi, ka - sun, day / FU, FUU, otto - husband
升+一+し+く SHOU, masu - unit of volume / ICHI, ITSU, hito(tsu) - one / Hiragana "Shi" / Hiragana "Ku"
ケ+固 Katakana "Ke" / KO, kata(i), kata(maru) - hard, harden
シ+日+十+月 Katakana "Shi" / NICHI, JITSU, hi, ka - sun, day / JUU, tou, to - ten / GETSU, GATSU, tsuki - moon, month
⻖+ル+土 The "Kozatohen" radical - hill, mound / Katakana "Ru" / DO, tsuchi - earth, soil
They all make another character if one of the parts is used more than once.
潜 SEN, mogu(ru), hiso(mu) - dive, hide, lurk, crawl into
飛 HI, to(bu), to(basu) - fly, skip, omit
箇 KA - counter for objects
潮 CHOU, shio - tide, salt water, opportunity
陸 RIKU - land