Answer:
小+、+｜ SHOU, chii(sai), ko - small / Comma / Vertical Line
日+二+ハ+ハ NICHI, JITSU, hi, ka - sun, day / NI, futa(tsu), futa - two / HACHI, ya(ttsu), ya(tsu), ya, yo - eight
イ+ニ+日+ニ+力 Katakana "I" / NI, futa(tsu), futa - two / NICHI, JITSU, hi, ka - sun, day / RYOKU, RIKI, chikara - power
ニ+｜+｜+一 NI, futa(tsu), futa - two / Vertical Line / ICHI, ITSU, hito(tsu) - one
ノ+ニ Katakana "No" / NI, futa(tsu), futa - two
Add | , a straight line, to make them something different!
州 SHUU, su - state, sandbank
黒 KOKU, kuro(i) - black
働 DOU, hatara(ku) - work
正 SEI, SHOU, tada(shii), masa(ni) - correct, just, exact
牛 GYUU, ushi - cow