Answer:
比 HI, kura(beru) - compare
露 RO, ROU, tsuyu - open, public, dew
伊 I, kore, kare, tada - this
白 HAKU, BYAKU, shiro(i), shira - white
蘭 RAN, araragi, ka - orchid
Some have connections to their meaning, but most are phonetic.
比 Firipin - Philippines.
露 Rosia - Russia
伊 Itaria - Italy
白 Berugii - Belgium
蘭 Oranda - Netherlands (Holland)